← Back to Labs

Contactless Payment Timeline

Compare physical card and wallet contactless flows across NFC coupling, kernels, CVM, tokenisation, issuer authorisation, and relay or offline risk.

FieldKernelCVMTokenIssuerRisktapCardfield coupledWalletready if unlockedTerminalpollingIssuernot reachedContactless begins with radio coupling, not banking.
Step 1 / 6NFC field powers the card

The terminal creates a short-range field that powers a passive card or talks to a phone wallet.

Arrow keys to navigate · R to reset

Tap dots to jump to any step

Read the full article →Take the quiz →